2026 CCI Physics Practice Test – Your Complete Guide to Exam Success!

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Gauss's law relates the electric flux through a closed surface to the enclosed charge. State the law.

∮ E·dA = Q_enc

∮ E·dA = ε0 Q_enc

∮ E·dA = Q_enc μ0

∮ E·dA = Q_enc / ε0

Gauss's law is about how much electric field lines pass through a closed surface and how that relates to the charge inside. The flux through a closed surface is found by integrating the field over the surface, ∮ E·dA, and Gauss's law says this flux equals the enclosed charge divided by the vacuum permittivity: ∮ E·dA = Q_enc / ε0. This division by ε0 ensures the units match and reflects how electric fields propagate in space in SI units. The other expressions would either change the units or introduce a magnetic constant that doesn’t belong in this electrostatic relation.